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Smoking Causes Early Menopause for Women

Women who smoke are likely to begin menopause before age 45 years and also make them face the risk of osteoporosis and heart disease, Norwegian researchers reported.

“In between as many as 2123 women aged 59 to 60 years, those who currently smoked, 59% more likely to experience premature menopause compared with women who do not smoke,” said Dr. Thea F. Mikkelsen of the University of Oslo and colleagues.

For the heaviest smokers, the risk of premature menopause has almost doubled. However, women who formerly smoked, but stopped at least 10 years before menopause, basically less likely to stop menstruating compared with smokers before age 45 years.

There is evidence that smoking later in life makes a woman more likely to experience premature menopause, while smokers who quit before middle age may not be affected, Mikkelsen and his team said in the online journal BMC Public Health.

They investigated the relationship further and determine whether to become passive smokers may also affect the time of menopause. The researchers found that nearly 10% of women entering menopause before age 45 years.

As many as 25% were current smokers, 28.7% were former smokers and 35.2% reported current passive smokers. Current smokers were 59% more likely to enter menopause before age 45 years, while early menopause was nearly twice as common among women who smoked the most.

But women who had stopped smoking at least a decade

before the menopause is 87% more likely than their peers who currently smoked and had an early menopause.

Compared with married women, widows also face an increased risk of premature menopause, as well as women who said their health conditions worse. Women are more educated are less likely to enter premature menopause, but they are also less likely to become smokers.

Involvement in social activities also reduce the risk of premature menopause. The researchers found no link between coffee or alcohol consumption or passive smoking with risk of premature menopause.

“The sooner a woman stops smoking,” said Mikkelsen and his team, “More protection which he found in connection with the arrival of early menopause.”

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