Healthy

Archive for May, 2009

Women who smoke are likely to begin menopause before age 45 years and also make them face the risk of osteoporosis and heart disease, Norwegian researchers reported.

“In between as many as 2123 women aged 59 to 60 years, those who currently smoked, 59% more likely to experience premature menopause compared with women who do not smoke,” said Dr. Thea F. Mikkelsen of the University of Oslo and colleagues.

For the heaviest smokers, the risk of premature menopause has almost doubled. However, women who formerly smoked, but stopped at least 10 years before menopause, basically less likely to stop menstruating compared with smokers before age 45 years.

There is evidence that smoking later in life makes a woman more likely to experience premature menopause, while smokers who quit before middle age may not be affected, Mikkelsen and his team said in the online journal BMC Public Health.

They investigated the relationship further and determine whether to become passive smokers may also affect the time of menopause. The researchers found that nearly 10% of women entering menopause before age 45 years.

As many as 25% were current smokers, 28.7% were former smokers and 35.2% reported current passive smokers. Current smokers were 59% more likely to enter menopause before age 45 years, while early menopause was nearly twice as common among women who smoked the most.

But women who had stopped smoking at least a decade

before the menopause is 87% more likely than their peers who currently smoked and had an early menopause.

Compared with married women, widows also face an increased risk of premature menopause, as well as women who said their health conditions worse. Women are more educated are less likely to enter premature menopause, but they are also less likely to become smokers.

Involvement in social activities also reduce the risk of premature menopause. The researchers found no link between coffee or alcohol consumption or passive smoking with risk of premature menopause.

“The sooner a woman stops smoking,” said Mikkelsen and his team, “More protection which he found in connection with the arrival of early menopause.”

Existence of ‘breast cancer’ raises fears for women, other than the merciless ferocity, this cancer often comes suddenly, without permission.

Breast However with the increasing awareness among women to conduct routine checks on her breasts. So, the more days the level of this malignant cancer deaths could be reduced further. Especially in patients under the age of 30 years. But if it turns out this malignant cancer had actually been residing in your body, given the very rapid development of stadium one to not be saved only takes less than five years. Then you must be willing to perform various tests, undergo a series of inspections and a super intensive care. All this is done so that the wild cell growth rate of spread of cancer can be known. This is called ‘staging’. No need to panic, because of advancing medical technology is growing day by day. So there are still many possibilities for you to get away from this deadly disease.

Well, want to know more details about the stadium and a variety of medical terms that must be passed by breast cancer? Here are his notes:

Stadium 1

At this stadium, no more than a cancerous lump 2 cm and can not be detected from outside. A very systematic treatment will be given to cancer this stadium, the goal is to cancer cells may not spread and does not continue on the next stadium. At this stadium, the possibility of full recovery in the patients was 70%.

Stadium 2

At this stadium, the possibility of cured patients is 30-40% depending on the extent of the spread of cancer cells. Usually the amount of cancerous lumps are more than two can even be up to 5 cm and the diffusion rate was already up to the armpit area. Or it could be cancer size has reached 5 centimeters but has not spread everywhere. Usually performed surgery to remove cancer cells that exist in all parts of the deployment, and after irradiation to ensure operations are conducted no more cancer cells left behind.

Stadium 3A

According to data from the MOH, 87% of breast cancers found in this stadium. Cancerous lump is larger than 5 centimeters and has spread to lymph glands.

Stadium 3B

Cancer had spread to all parts of the breast, even reaching the skin, chest wall, ribs and chest muscles. In addition, its spread has also been attacked thoroughly kalenjar lymph. If you already so there is no alternative other than removal of the breast.

Stadium 4

Cancer cells have spread to attack other parts of the body, usually the bones, lungs, liver or brain. Or it can also attack the skin, lymph glands in the neck. Same as stadium 3, actions that must be done is removal of the breast.

Here are some of the terms medical action that made the doctor to stop the growth of cancer cells:

Lumpectomy

Its lay term is ‘the appointment of a lump’. This appointment is usually accompanied by a few (very minimal) of healthy tissue. In this way, the network is expected to remain healthy and still be able to reshape the breasts naturally.

Radical Mastectomy

Appointment of the breast partly or wholly included chest muscle beneath the breast to prevent a wider spread of cancer. Now, this method is rarely used because medical technology is more advanced.

Chemotherapy

Therapy is provided in the form of certain drugs are very strong effect (anti-cancer). This therapy can be given by mouth or injection form in blood vessels. This medication should be administered repeatedly to the cycle that lasted between three to six months.

Hormone therapy

The method of the hormone that functions as a barrier to the rate of growth of cancer cells.

Radiation Therapy

This treatment is usually given together with a lumpectomy or masectomy, the function of this therapy is to destroy the cancer cells so as not to spread to other parts of the body.

Breast cancer is not the final verdict of all, doctors are human beings who can say anything. Still, God is everything including the determinants of human life!

The symptoms of a cold
Cold symptoms are usually mild and develop 2-5 days after exposure to someone who is ill. Symptoms may include fever, runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, sore throat, cough, headache and muscle aches. The runny nose typically begins with a clear discharge from the nose, but after 2-3 days, may be thick and green or yellow. Symptoms usually worsen during the first 3-5 days, then gradually disappear from 10-14 days.
Treating a cold
Since it is caused by a virus, antibiotics do not work against colds. These types of respiratory infections disappear themselves and taking antibiotics will not help your child to improve more quickly and is unlikely to prevent secondary bacterial infections, such as an ear infection or sinusitis. Although there is no cure for colds, this does not mean you can not treat your child’s symptoms to help you feel better. Extra fluids, a cool mist humidifier, and the rest will probably help some of its symptoms. Younger children, because they can not blow his nose, may benefit from using saline nasal drops and a bulb syringe to help keep their nasal passages clear. Over the counter medications that can help, depending on your child’s symptoms of pain, slight fever, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, a medicine against colds with a decongestant and / or cough suppression.

Zinc lozenges, although commonly used by adults, have shown to help children and not always well tolerated and should probably be avoided.

Cough in children

Children may develop a cough due to diseases or causes that are not usually affect adults, such as:

* Croup.
* Bronchiolitis.
* The lower respiratory tract infection (such as that caused by respiratory syncytial virus or RSV).
* Obstruction of the airways by inhalation of an object, such as food, a piece of a balloon or a small toy. For more information, see objects swallowed.
* Exposure to secondhand smoke of their parents or caregivers who smoke.
* Emotional or psychological problems. A dry, nonproductive “psychogenic cough” is seen more frequently in children than in adults.

cough caused by a viral illness. Antibiotics are not used to treat viral illnesses and do not alter the course of viral infections. unnecessary use of antibiotics exposes you to risk of an allergic reaction to antibiotics and side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rashes and yeast infections. Antibiotics can also kill beneficial bacteria and encourage the development of dangerous antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

A thorough assessment of your health can help you identify other symptoms. Note that the cough is a symptom, not a disease, and often the importance of your cough can be determined during the evaluation of other symptoms. The cough occurs with viral and bacterial respiratory tract. If you have other symptoms like sore throat, sinus pressure or pain in the ear, see Related Information.

Check emergencies and control sections of your symptoms to determine if and when you need to consult a doctor.